Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Patients with Chronic Pain: Their Perceived Effectiveness

Abstract

The study determined the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for patients with chronic pain at Sta. Maria Josefa Hospital Foundation Inc., Iriga City. Specifically, it aimed to identify the non-pharmacological interventions utilized by nurses, assess their perceived effectiveness in reducing chronic pain, determine the extent to which nurses employ such interventions, and propose a training program based on the findings. Guided by the assumption that non-pharmacological interventions vary in type and perceived effectiveness, the study utilized a descriptive survey design involving sixty (60) nurses from different hospital stations. Data were gathered using a validated questionnaire and statistically treated through frequency distribution, weighted mean, and a five-point rating scale. The results revealed that nurses frequently used positioning, deep breathing exercises, hot and cold application, and massage, while other methods such as progressive muscle relaxation, acupuncture, and music therapy were often utilized. Conversely, aromatherapy, guided imagery, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) were less frequently applied.

Findings showed that positioning and massage were perceived as very much effective, while interventions like hot and cold application, deep breathing, and muscle relaxation were deemed effective in alleviating chronic pain. The extent to which nurses performed non-pharmacological interventions was rated as much employed, particularly in areas involving explanation of procedures, assessment of patient discomfort, and reassessment of pain responses. These results underscore that nurses at Sta. Maria Josefa Hospital Foundation Inc. are proficient in applying non-pharmacological approaches to pain management. Consequently, a training program was developed to further enhance their competencies, emphasizing individualized and holistic pain management techniques that consider patient-specific conditions. The study recommends strengthening continuing education and integrating evidence-based non-pharmacological methods into standard clinical practice to optimize pain management outcomes.